Periods, which are often called menstruation, are an inevitable aspect of a woman‘s reproductive cycle, usually happening once a month. Menstruation causes the uterine lining to shed, which usually results in bleeding that lasts for a few days. But for some who have endometriosis, menstruation can cause excruciating agony and anguish.
In endometriosis, which is a chronic disorder, tissue resembling the lining of the uterus grows outside of it, resulting in pain, inflammation, and occasionally infertility. Endometriosis symptoms might differ from person to person, but they can include pelvic pain, excessive menstrual bleeding, and pain with bowel movements or sexual activity.
In an exclusive conversation with Jagran English, Dr. Garima Sawhney, who is a gynecologist and co-founder of Pristyn Care, we discussed whether period cramps or endometriosis exist and why you should ignore the signs of them.
According to Dr. Garima, “Both period cramps and endometriosis can cause discomfort in the lower abdomen, but they have distinct differences in their cause, pain characteristics, and accompanying symptoms. However, timely diagnosis and treatment can significantly improve the quality of life for those living with endometriosis.”
What Is Period Cramps And Endometriosis?
Dr. Garima said, Period cramps are caused by the uterus contracting to shed its lining during menstruation. Prostaglandins, hormone-like chemicals, trigger these contractions, causing pain. Whereas, in the case of endometriosis, tissue similar to the uterine lining (endometrium) grows outside the uterus, often in the pelvic cavity. This misplaced tissue responds to hormonal changes just like the uterine lining, but it has nowhere to go, leading to inflammation, irritation, and pain. Period cramps are usually a dull ache or cramping sensation in the lower abdomen and typically last 1-3 days before and during your period. The pain of endometriosis can be much more severe and debilitating than period cramps. It can be sharp, stabbing, or burning and may occur outside of your period, such as during ovulation or throughout the month.
Painful bowel movements or urination during menstruation can be a sign of endometriosis affecting the organs in the pelvic region. Women experiencing these symptoms should not disregard them as merely part of their menstrual cycle but instead consult with a healthcare professional for a thorough evaluation.
At last, Dr. Garima said, “Learning about family history is essential, as endometriosis can have a genetic component. If family members have been diagnosed with endometriosis, women should be vigilant about any unusual symptoms they experience. Understanding the vital signs that distinguish period cramps from potential endometriosis symptoms is important for early detection and intervention.”
